Parental beliefs about child development and parental inferences about actions during child-rearing episodes     

Maria José Rodrigo  Beatriz Triana 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1996,11(1):55-78

The way parents’ beliefs on child development support the elaboration of practical inferences during everyday child-rearing episodes was examined. We contrasted two models based respectively on the classical and the connectionist view of schema approaches. According to the classical view, parents activate preformed packages of beliefs in order to produce inferences whereas under the connectionist view, they activate the network of interconnected episodic traces that better fits the information provided by the situation. In the former case, the quality of the inferences depends on the activation of the proper schema whereas in the latter case it depends on the structure of the information given. Two experiments were designed in which parents holding a particular global belief about child development (either constructivism or environmentalism), were presented with a target couple with similar or different views with respect to them. In Experiment 1, constructivist parents bearing in mind the couple’s belief had to judge a set of words describing the couple’s image as parents, their educational goals as well as a number of sentences describing the couple’s child-rearing practices during hypothetical episodes. In Experiment 2, environmentalist parents had to judge the couple’s practices and the amount of information presented about the couple’s ideas as well as its plausibility were manipulated. The results indicate that the accuracy and speed in the production of inferences depends on the information presented in the task. When the information is embedded in episodes and a full, plausible and distinctive account of the couple’s belief are provided, then the production of inferences is performed faster and with more accuracy. The results are discussed in terms of the classical and connectionist views of schema approaches.  相似文献   

Scaramouche Goes to Preschool: The Complex Matrix of Young Children’s Everyday Music     

Beatriz Ilari 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2018,46(1):1-9

This article examines everyday musical practices and their connections to young children’s learning and development, in and through music. It begins with a discussion of music learning in early childhood as a form of participation and levels of intention in learning. Next, conceptions of child that have dominated early childhood music education discourses are discussed, along with other factors that are known to influence children’s musical lives, such as spatiality, repertoires and the politics of participation. Three illustrative vignettes that stem from the author’s experience as an early childhood music educator and researcher are presented throughout the text. Implications for early childhood education are outlined at the end.  相似文献   

Effect of wetted surface area on friction,pressure, wave and total drag of a kayak     

Beatriz B. Gomes  Leandro Machado  Nuno V. Ramos  Filipe A. V. Conceição  Ross H. Sanders  Mário A. P. Vaz 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(4):453-461

Using theoretical principles, the components of drag (friction D _F, pressure D _PR and wave D _W) of a single-seat kayak were analysed. The purpose was to examine the effect of changes in wetted surface area due to changes in kayaker’s weight and the relative contribution of D _F, D _PR and D _W to the total passive drag as function of velocity. The total passive drag values were based on experimental data collected in a single-seat kayak. Three different kayaker simulated weights were tested – 65, 75 and 85 kg. D _F was the drag component that contributed the greatest percentage (between 60 and 68% at 5.56 m/s the top velocity tested) to the total passive drag for all the velocities tested and simulated weights. D _W was the most affected by the increase in kayaker’s simulated weight, mainly when comparing 65/75 to 85 kg. Results support the importance of a kayak design selection that minimises the kayak’s drag for the individual weight of the kayaker. Also, the results suggest that the path for better hydrodynamic kayak performance should seek changes that can reduce D _F, D _PR and D _W with D _F offering the most potential to reduce passive drag.  相似文献   

Introducing medical students to radiological anatomy: The importance of experiential learning during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdowns     

Gustavo Bittencourt Camilo  Sérgio Murta Maciel  Gabriela Cumani Toledo Camilo  Kayan Felipe de Oliveira Andrade  Beatriz de Oliveira  Rayane da Silva Silveira  Isabella Nunes Borges Ferreira  Caroline da Silva Fernandes  Mariana Vilela Ferreira 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(5):980-984

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